2018-05-12
799 Laytime Clauses 装卸时间条款
Weather working day of 24 consecutive hours
连续 24 小时良好天气工作日
2.140 In the Charterparty Laytime Definitions 1980, this is defined as follows:
‘‘WEATHER WORKING DAY OF 24 CONSECUTIVE HOURS’’ means a working day or part of a working day of 24 hours during which it is or, if the ship is still waiting for her turn, it would be possible to load/ discharge the cargo without interference due to the weather. If such interference occurs (or would have occurred if work had been in progress) there shall be excluded from the laytime the period during which the weather interfered or would have interfered with the work.
2.140 在《1980年租船合同装卸时间定义》中是如下这样定义的：
‘连续24小时的良好天气工作日’是指，不受天气的影响可以进行装/卸货物或，如果船舶仍在等泊，则本来可以进行装/卸货的以24小时为一天的工作日或部分工作日。如果这种影响发生（或者假如作业已经在进行，则这种影响本应该会发生），则天气影响或本来会影响作业的那段时间不应计入装卸时间。
2.141 The Voylayrules 1993 contain a similar definition:
‘‘ ... WEATHER WORKING DAY OF 24 CONSECUTIVE HOURS’’ shall mean a working day of 24 consecutive hours except for any time when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel or would have prevented it had work been in progress.
2.141 《1993年航次租船合同装卸时间解释规则》中也包含一个类似定义，即：
‘……连续24小时良好天气工作日’是指连续24小时的工作日，但天气妨碍船舶装货或卸货的时间或者如果装货或卸货作业已经在进行则天气本应该会妨碍作业的时间除外。
2.142 It will be noted that it is the actual period of interruption or deemed interruption that is discounted, regardless of what proportion this might bear to the daily period of work and that furthermore it does not matter whether the weather interruption occurs within or without the daily period of work.
2.142 值得注意的是，实际中断期间或被认定中断期间不计入装卸时间，而不管这段期间占全天工作期间的比例有多大，而且也不管天气造成的中断是否出现在每日工作期间之内或者之外。
2.143 In comparison with ‘‘weather working day’’ simpliciter, the effect of the additional words is therefore to fix the length of the daily working period at 24 hours, no matter what the actual period is. If ‘‘weather permitting’’ be added as well, then it is submitted that the meaning remains the same, the additional words being mere surplusage.
2.143相比较‘良好天气工作日’，这一附加用语的作用就是绝对地将每日工作期间的长度定为24小时，而不论其实际工作期间是多少。如果再加上‘天气允许的情况下’词语的话，则可以认为，其含义不变，这一附加词语只不过是画蛇添足而已。
LAYTIME BY REFERENCE TO RATES OF WORKING CARGO
根据作业效率确定装卸时间
2.144 Such laytime clauses may provide for a total rate of loading/discharging or alternatively for a rate per hatch or per hook. In the case of the latter this may be so many tons per hatch or so many tons ‘‘per working (or available workable) hatch’’. In each alternative the time element may be ‘‘per day’’, ‘‘per working day’’, ‘‘per weather working day’’ or any other of the time units previously considered.
2.144这类装卸时间条款往往规定一个总的装/卸货速率，或单舱单钩的装/卸货速率。在后者的情况，往往规定：每舱多少吨或者‘每作业(或可以作业的）舱口”多少吨。但是其每一个的时间单位可能是‘每天’、‘每工作日’、‘每良好天气工作日’或其他任何一个我们上面所讨论过的时间单位。
《装卸时间与滞期费》购买链接（点击可购买）
海运圈聚焦专栏作者 魏长庚船长（微信号CaptWei）
