2019-04-24
522 《装卸时间与滞期费》第6版
CHAPTER 3 第3章
Commencement of laytime 装卸时间的起算
3.392 The other judgment to consider the matter was that of Buckley LJ, who said:
In the case of a berth charter the ship does not reach her destination until she is berthed. In the case of such a charter the insertion of the words ‘‘whether in berth or not’’ makes lay days run from a time when the ship has not yet berthed. Whether it is right to say that the effect of the insertion in such a case is to make the operation of the charter the same as a port charter, so that the ship should be treated as ‘‘arrived’’ although she has not berthed, or whether the insertion merely advances the time from which lay days run notwithstanding that the ship may not technically have arrived, perhaps does not much matter. The latter seems to me to be probably the more correct view. The purpose of inserting the same words in a port charter is likely to be more obscure, because in such a case the commencement of lay days will not normally depend on whether the ship has berthed or not.
3.392对这个问题的讨论，在Buckley大法官做出判决词中说：
在泊位租船合同下，船舶只有靠泊才算抵达其目的地。在这样的租船合同中加入‘不论靠泊与否’这些词语会使装卸时间从船舶还未靠泊时就可以起算。是否可以正确的说，在这样的情况下这个插入语的效果会使该租船合同变得如同港口租船合同一样，以至于，尽管船舶当时尚未靠泊，她一样可以被视为已经‘抵达船’，或者，这种插入语仅仅提前起算装卸时间，而不管她技术上是否已抵达，也许这已不太重要了。后一种说法依我看来似乎是比较正确的观点。在港口租船合同中插入这些词语的目的可能比较模糊，因为在这种情况下，装卸时间的起算通常并不受船舶是否靠泊的影响（而受‘抵达船’的定义影响）。
3.393 Lord Diplock also took a similar view in The Maratha Envoy, where he said:
The effect of this well-known phrase in berth charters has been settled for more than half a century. Under it time starts to run when the vessel is waiting within the named port of destination for a berth there to become vacant. In effect it makes the Reid test applicable to a berth charter. It has no effect in a port charter; the Reid test is applicable anyway.
3.393在The Maratha Envoy案，Diplock勋爵也持有类似的观点，他说：
在泊位租船合同中，这一众所周知的短语的作用已经被确立半个多世纪。根据这一短语，当船舶在指定的目的港内等待一个空泊位时，装卸时间就可以开始起算。事实上，它使得Reid准则也适用于泊位租船合同。但在港口租船合同中它并不起作用；无论如何，雷德准则（抵达船）还是适用的。
《装卸时间与滞期费》购买链接（点击可购买）
海运圈聚焦专栏作者 魏长庚船长（微信号CaptWei）
