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　　《装卸时间与滞期费》第6版

　　CHAPTER 3 第3章

　　Commencement of laytime 装卸时间的起算

　　Time lost in waiting for berth to count as laytime

　　等泊损失的时间应计入装卸时间

　　3.419 The effect of this clause is that any time spent waiting for a berth counts against laytime. To that extent it is similar to a WIBON provision, but the major difference is that the place where the vessel waits need not necessarily be within the port limits. However, it must be sufﬁciently close to the port for the vessel to be able to say ‘‘we have gone as far as we can’’ and we are now waiting for a berth. It is suggested that the Reid test in The Johanna Oldendorff might be suitably modiﬁed to answer the question whether the vessel has gone far enough where she is waiting outside the port limits—if she is at a place where waiting ships usually lie, she will be in such a position, but if she is waiting at some other point then it will be for the shipowner to show his availability to move into berth when one becomes available.

　　3.419该条款的作用是将等泊所花费的任何时间全部计为装卸时间，在某种程度上，它类似于WIBON条款，但其主要区别是，船舶等泊地点不一定非要在港口界限范围之内。然而，它必须是足够接近港口并可以说‘我们已经尽可能接近’和确实是在等待泊位。这建议，当船舶在港界之外等候时，她是否距离港口足够近，看来用The Johanna Oldendorff案中的Reid准则稍作修改就可能比较合适回答这一问题——如果她所处的地方是该港的待泊船通常的等泊区域，她就应该在那儿等候；但是若她在其他的地方等候，则船东就必须证明一旦有泊位空出时，她能够立即移入泊位靠泊。

　　3.420 If the waiting place is within the port limits then the clause will have little effect in a port charter, but will advance the running of laytime in the case of a berth charter.

　　3.420如果等候区在港口范围内，那么在港口租船合同中，该条款将没有多少作用，但在泊位租船合同中，它就可以使装卸时间提前起算。

　　3.421 The expression originated in the Gencon charterparty. In the original 1922 version it appeared in separate clauses, the ﬁrst reading ‘‘to count as loading time’’ and the second ‘‘to count as discharging time’’. The 1976 update of the charter combined the two to read ‘‘Time lost in waiting for berth to count as loading or discharging time, as the case may be’’. The variation used in the heading of this section appeared in The Darrah. For practical purposes, all the Gencon variations up to and including the 1976 update now have the same effect. However, the 1994 version of the Gencon charter replaces the ‘‘time lost’’ provision with a new provision which is considered later. What follows in respect of ‘‘time lost’’ provisions will continue to apply where such a provision is included in a charter other than one on the Gencon 1994 form, or by virtue of one of the laytime codes set out in the Appendix.

　　3.421这种表达方式最早出现于金康租船合同中。在初始1922年的版本中，它以两个独立的条款形式出现，第一个是‘计入装货时间’，和第二个是‘计入卸货时间’。在1976年金康租船合同的更新版本将二者合并为‘等泊时间损失的计入装/卸货时间，视具体情况而定’。在本节标题中所使用变异形式也出现在The Darrah—案中。根据实践的需要，目前，所有金康租船合同中的变异形式包括1976年更新形式的作用效果都是一样的。然而，1994年版的金康租船合同用新的条文替代了‘时间损失’条文，将在下文讨论。当这一条文被并入到其它非是使用1994年金康格式的租船合同中时，所得出的结论是有关该‘时间损失’条文继续适用，或者是依据附录中所列出的3个装卸时间规则中任何一个规则并入适用。
　　