《装卸时间与滞期费》第3章-装卸时间的起算-63

　　CHAPTER 3 第3章

　　Commencement of laytime 装卸时间的起算

　　3.415 In The Adolf Leonhardt, Staughton J had to consider whether it was effective to allow notice of readiness for the port of Rosario to be given at Intersection some 200 miles down river. As to its meaning, the judge said that the use of the words might have been directed at ports with no waiting area within their limits; the vessel must reach a usual waiting area for the port in question and must be at the immediate and effective disposition of the charterers. On this he concluded:

　　It seems to me that a vessel is as effectively at the disposition of the charterer at Intersection as modern conditions demand, given that she is not required to be in the port of Rosario by reason of the use of the words ‘‘whether in port or not’’. Accordingly I would have upheld the conclusion of the Board of Appeal that notice of readiness could be given there.

　　3.415在The Adolf Leonhardt案，Staughton法官不得不慎重考虑在距阿根廷Rosario港下游200海里外的中转交汇区递交的准备就绪通知书是否有效。针对这一点，法官说，或许在措辞的表达中已经指示出该港范围内没有等候区域，那么，船舶就必须抵达该争议港口的一个通常等候区域，而且必须是已经处于承租人立即马上而有效的支配之下。就这一点，他总结道：

　　在我看来，由于现代的港口（或通信技术）条件要求，船舶在中转交汇区似乎就是受承租人的有效支配，假设船舶由于‘不论进港与否’这些措辞的原因，就不必要求她一定要进入Rasario港了。因此，我赞成仲裁上诉审理委员会的结论观点，即在那儿可以递交有效的准备就绪通知书。

　　3.416 However, the judge also held that again the effect of the phrase could be largely cancelled out by a suitable exception clause such as the Centrocon strike clause.

　　3.416不过，法官又补充道：该短语的效力很大程度上可被适宜的除外条款所抵消，例如标准谷物租船合同中的罢工条款。

　　3.417 In London Arbitration 8/03, where the tribunal had to consider a WIPON provision in relation to a berth charter, the tribunal held:

　　In the case of a berth charter, that at very least required that the vessel should have completed the sea leg of the voyage and reached a point as near as possible to the loading or discharging berth. At ports where that port was outside port limits, the WIPON provision would assist the owner by allowing the vessel to tender notice of readiness there. Where however, as at Setubal, the vessel merely paused on its passage in to the port or berth, for example, to pick up a pilot, the requirements of the provision would not be satisfied.

　　3.417 在报道的伦敦仲裁2003年第8号案，仲裁庭不得不考虑泊位租船合同下有关WIPON条文的适用问题，仲裁庭判决道：

　　在泊位租船合同情况下，很少会要求船舶必须完成海上航程阶段和抵达离装卸货泊位尽可能临近的地点。在港口租船合同，当该点（怀疑应为point）位于港口界限之外，WIPON条文是可以帮助船东以允许其在此递交准备就绪通知书。然而，在葡萄牙Setubal港，船舶仅仅是在她前往港口或者泊位的路途上短暂停留，例如接领航员上船，并不能满足这一条文规定要求。（因待泊时间计入，船东险胜。参考3.435段）

　　3.418 These cases illustrate the point that, whilst a WIPON clause may operate to activate the commencement of laytime when the vessel concerned is a significant distance away from the port in question, nevertheless, the other criteria applicable to a WIBON provision must also be met and the anchorage that the ship has reached must be a recognised waiting place for that particular port.

　　3.418 这些案例阐明的一点是，WIPON条文的效力是，当所涉及的有关船舶距争议港口有一定距离时，可以触发启动装卸时间的起算，尽管如此，适用于WIBON条文的另一个准则也必须满足：船舶已经抵达的锚地必须一个该指定港口所认可的等候区域。
　　

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